ECO 385 ASU Economics Sensitivity of NPV to Discount Rates Questions

Problem 1: Short Answer Questions a) If the total benefits to society of achieving some specific level of pollution control are significantly greater than the total costs to society of doing so, will it necessarily be economically efficient (socially optimal) to do so? Explain your answer with words and a graph. b) In March 2011, the US EPA issued a report that looked at the results of the Clean Air Act from 1990 to 2020 (see: Problem 2: Maximizing Net Benefits There are important trade-offs involved in granting “Wild and Scenic River Status” to portions of a river. How much of this public good, a free-flowing river, should be protected from further development? As an analyst in the Office of Policy Analysis of the U.S. Department of the Interior, you are called upon to make a recommendation. Each year, 1,000 people benefit from the river’s various services. A contingent valuation survey carried out by your office has estimated that each individual beneficiary has the same demand function for river preservation, Q = 75 – (0.25)(P) where P is the price-per-mile which persons are willing to pay (per year) for Q miles of river preserved. You find that the marginal (opportunity) cost of preservation is $60,000 per mile per year. [Hint: You need to derive the market (aggregate) demand curve for a public good.] a) How many miles of the river would be preserved in an efficient allocation? b) What is the magnitude of the total (gross), annual benefits associated with this (efficient allocation) policy? c) What are the total, annual costs of the policy? d) What is the magnitude of the total (annual) consumers’ surplus?e) How large are net, annual benefits? f) If it turns out that the marginal cost of preservation is only $20,000 per mile per year, how many miles of the river would be preserved in an efficient allocation? g) Now assume substitute sites are available to beneficiaries, so their demands are substantially more elastic: their individual demand functions for river preservation are Q = 75 – (0.75)(P) In this case, with the original marginal costs of preservation of $60,000 per mile per year, how many miles of the river would be preserved in an efficient allocation? Problem 3: Sensitivity of NPV to Discount Rates A ski resort wants to expand by opening more trails and adding a new high-speed chair lift. The initial capital investment for the expansion is $60,000 in year 0 and the resort will not benefit financially until after the project is completed in year 1. After that the annual net benefits will be $20,000 at the end of each year. Assume that the expansion terminates at the end of year 5. a) Is this investment NPV positive under a 5% discount rate? Under a 13% discount rate? b) The resort invests in the expansion but ownership decides to sell three years later. Does this affect the NPV analysis? Why or why not? Please state your assumptions.

His 206 final paper | History homework help

Final Project
For your Final Project, you may write a paper or create a PowerPoint presentation.

If you choose to write a paper, it must be four to five pages in length, plus a title page and reference list, formatted according to APA style.
If you choose to create a PowerPoint project, it must be 12 to 15 slides, plus a title slide and a reference slide, formatted according to APA style. Be sure to save your presentation as a PDF before submitting it to Waypoint.

Please note that whether you choose to write a paper or create a PowerPoint presentation, you must properly cite your sources according to APA style.

To complete this project
Choose one of the following topics:

Native Americans/American Indians
African Americans
Immigrants
Women

For example, a student writing a paper about the topic African Americans might choose the Harlem Renaissance and the Black Power Movement as two of their events. In that case, the paper would provide a description of the two movements. It would explain what each one revealed about the role of African Americans in broader American society in, respectively, the 1920s and the late 1960s, explain how and why the roles of African Americans in the 1920s differed from their roles in the late 1960s, and explain how events in the 1920s may have contributed to developments in the later decade.
Writing the Final ProjectThe Final Project

Must include a separate title page with the following:

Title of project
Student’s name
Course name and number
Instructor’s name
Date submitted

Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis statement.
Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis.
Must use at least four scholarly resources other than the textbook, including a minimum of two primary sources. Your secondary sources must come from the Ashford University Library. For help locating primary sources refer to the HIS206: Primary Sources Research Guide
Must document all sources, including images, in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Must include a separate reference page, formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

If you choose to create a PowerPoint presentation: You should use visual elements to contribute to your explanation of the topic. PowerPoint presentations should avoid plagiarism and have proper APA citations for all source material either in the note section at the bottom of each slide, or on the last slide of the show indicating sources for each slide. The final slide must be a correctly formatted reference list containing all of your sources. You may use non-scholarly sources for your images, but not for the text of the presentation. Make sure to pay attention to color and style. You will need to save your PowerPoint presentation as a PDF before you submit it to Waypoint. Use the Converting a PowerPoint to PDF (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. tutorial.
Before submitting your Final Project, you may want to view the Sample Paper and/or the Sample Presentation and/or visit the Ashford Writing Center for feedback.
Do you have questions? Check out the  FAQs on Assignments page.
Carefully review the Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.

Response to nursing db_sr | Nursing homework help

150-250 words THIS IS A RESPONSE TO THE PEER DISCUSSION BOARD. 1 REFERENCE-NURSING JOURNAL WITHIN 5 YEARS. MUST HAVE IN TEXT CITATIONS
 
Often health care organizations form comities that have the sole focus of quality improvement. These comities perform studies and audits that ensure that the standards, within their organization, are congruent with guideless set by regulatory organizations, certification boards, and professional organizations (Melnyk Fineout-Overholt, 2015). Examples of audit criteria may be the prevalence of intensive care unit (ICU) acquired pressure ulcers, prevalence of ventilator- associated pneumonia (VAP), or the number of patients who acquire blood stream infections from the insertion of a central line. The committee then follows up with the unit standards and guidelines to ensure they are in accordance with the national standards.
 
            This author will be focusing on the prevalence of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) in ICU patients. The standards currently set in this author’s ICU, to prevent VAP, include keeping patients head of bead (HOB) at 30 degrees, suctioning the oral and airway passages prior to laying down or turning the patient, the use of antiseptic mouth wash every two hours, and replacement of respiratory tubing daily. These guidelines were adopted by the organization after reviewing data that was collected from studies performed by accrediting bodies.
 
One of the accrediting bodies, that sets standards for health care organizations, is the American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC). Their guidelines are founded on evidence- based practice, and pertain to the management of ventilated patients and the prevention of VAP (Care of the Ventilator Circuit and Its Relation to Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, 2013). Data collected via a systematic review of literature, obtained from PubMed, was used to collect data and form guidelines. In addition, a quantitative analysis was performed.
 
 Although the guidelines do not mention a specific number of days a closed ventilator circuit is good for, AARC recommends that the circuit be changed frequently (Care of the Ventilator Circuit and Its Relation to Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, 2013). In addition, AARC states that passive humidifiers need to be changed every 48 hours to prevent bacterial growth (Care of the Ventilator Circuit and Its Relation to Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, 2013). Finally, AARC states that closed suction catheters should be utilized and do not need to be changed daily, although the safe appropriate length of use is unknown (Care of the Ventilator Circuit and Its Relation to Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, 2013). Given the information provided, it appears that this authors institution is in compliance with the standards set forth by AARC.          
 
Another way healthcare institutions can prevent VAP is by adopting a bundle that has been backed by an institution through evidence- based practice. Bundles are a set of guidelines and standards that are used simultaneously. This author reviewed another study that utilized a descriptive retrospective longitudinal study, using a quantitative approach, the determine the effectiveness of VAP bundles (Rodrigues, Fragoso, Beserra, Costa Ramos, 2016). This particular study concluded that the bundle being used led to an increase in ventilator associated pneumonia and increased mortality rates by 50 percent.
 
This is an example as to why VAP bundles and guidelines need to be evaluated by an accrediting institution and appropriately modified.

PSY 650 Introduction to Clinical and Counseling Psychology Essay

Prior to beginning work on this interactive assignment, please read the Neimeyer, et al. (2011) “How Special Are the Specialties? Workplace Settings in Counseling and Clinical Psychology in the United States” and Heatherington, et al. (2012) “The Narrowing of Theoretical Orientations in Clinical Psychology Doctoral Training” articles. Be sure to also review the APA’s Ethical Principles of Psychologist and Code of Conduct (Links to an external site.)article and the Recognized Specialties and Proficiencies in Professional Psychology (Links to an external site.) web page, as well as any relevant Instructor Guidance.For this interactive assignment, you will assume the role of a clinical or counseling psychologist who has recently opened a private practice or begun working for a mental health agency. You are eager to begin working with your ideal client(s), but you first need to market your services. One way to attract clients is to create a professional website that provides an overview of your specialties. For this interactive assignment, you may use any website building platform you choose; however, you may wish to use Wix.com (Links to an external site.), a free website development platform, to create your website. You may refer to the Wix Quick-Start Guide and read the PSY650 Dealing with Wix.com Instructions for assistance with creating your website should you decide to use Wix as your platform.Create a fictitious persona based on the role you are assuming and create a website with the following required elements.Name, Photo, and Credentials: Be sure to include your persona’s degree, type of license, and any professional membership organizations appropriate to your assumed role. You may also list any appropriate division memberships and certifications applicable to your specialty.Personal Statement: Create a 200-word personal statement in which you describe attributes that make your assumed persona, practice, and/or agency unique. Explain to potential clients what problems and/or issues you address and how you could help them in your assumed role. You may also describe why you have chosen this profession and why people choose to work with you.Specialties: Identify at least three areas in which your persona specializes (e.g., trauma, relationships issues, anxiety, depression, self-esteem). Access the APA’s Recognized Specialties and Proficiencies in Professional Psychology (Links to an external site.) page for more information on this topic.Treatment Preferences: Compare the possible theoretical orientations appropriate to your assumed role, and identify your treatment orientation. Identify which modalities (e.g., individual, couples, family, and/or group) your persona would use with clients. For further assistance with creating this portion of the website, review the Heatherington, et al. (2012) article titled “The Narrowing of Theoretical Orientations in Clinical Psychology Doctoral Training.”Client Focus: Describe the population that your assumed persona would primarily serve. Include information regarding age, gender, religious orientations, ethnicities, and/or special populations. List all languages you speak fluently and provide any additional information on cultural specialization your persona may have.Confidentiality and Limitations: Explain to the client what information will remain confidential in your sessions as well as the limitations of confidentiality. Keep in mind the age of your target population.Once you have completed your website according to the instructions, copy and paste the URL for your website into the forum for review by your instructor and peers.

Hu245 unit 7 assignment | Government homework help

Read the case study for this unit regarding ExtremeNet and Allen Lopez.
As the Chief Executive Officer for ExtremeNet, you are responsible for resolving the conflict between Allen Lopez and ExtremeNet in a manner that demonstrates solid ethical reasoning skills and the ability to manage stakeholder interests.
Case Study
For seven years, Allen Lopez had worked for ExtremeNet, a well-known, global, high-technology company that provides clients with Internet services such as e-commerce and Web development, online marketing, strategic planning, and research. Allen was well paid and performed well in a responsible middle-management position, which he found rewarding. However, as ExtremeNet struggled to manage the effects of an economic downturn, Allen became disenchanted with the companys treatment of lower-level employees, including his own assistant. Among Allens concerns were gender and age discrimination during layoffs, as well as changes to personnel policies that he believed treated lower-level employees unfairly.
Allens frustrations grew after he raised his concerns in vain with his superiors. What he did next put his career in jeopardy: Working at home over several weekends, Allen created and published on the Internet a satiric website that inveighed against the abusive management practices of a fictional company that bore a striking resemblance to ExtremeNet. The site gained some notoriety among high- tech websites and in the business press.
The vice presidents of ExtremeNet were incensed to learn of the sites existence and were concerned that the site generated so much traffic and publicity. Although Allen protested that he acted out of a sense of justice and asserted that his creative work was protected by his first amendment rights, this did not prevent the leadership team of ExtremeNet from hastily assembling an emergency meeting to decide whether Allen Lopez should be discharged, and whether ExtremeNet should file suit to have his satirical website removed from the World Wide Web.
As the leader of ExtremeNet, it is your responsibility to resolve the following questions:

Should Allen Lopez be allowed to keep his job with ExtremeNet? Support your answer using ethical theory.
Should ExtremeNet attempt a lawsuit to force the removal of this website? Support your answer using ethical theory.
How can ExtremeNet’s leadership best respect the rights of Allen Lopez and ExtremeNet? Explain the impact of your ethical decision on Allen Lopez and the company.
How can ExtremeNet’s leadership best repair the relationship between management and employees while meeting the needs and goals of the company? Demonstrate an understanding of the issues and how to best unify the company to move forward.

Write a one to two page decision in which you address the above questions and explain your reasoning.
The paper should be double-spaced, well organized, and free of errors.
Your Assignment should be written using MS Word. Save your paper in a location and with a name that will help your instructor identify the project, the course, and you, the student.

Click the link that says “Submit an Assignment.”
In the Submit to Basket menu, select Unit 7: Assignment Dropbox.
In the comments field, include at least the title of your paper.
Click the “Add Attachments” button.
Follow the steps listed to attach your Word document.
To view your graded work, come back to the Dropbox or go to the Gradebook after your instructor has evaluated it. Click the Dropbox to access it.
Make sure that you save a copy of your submitted Assignment.

Cyberspace privacy and security paper

 
 
Using the articles you have read for this module, write a 500-word essay on what you believe to be the greater threat to the nation—cyber-crime directed against individuals or terrorist cyber-attacks on national institutions. Provide your opinion, supported by readings, on whether the United States is active enough in countering these threats.
 
Articles ATTACHED BELOW
 

Alexander, Keith B, Emily Goldman, and Michael Warner. “Defending America in Cyberspace.” National Interest. 128 (2013): 18-24.

Filshtinskiy, Stas.  “Cybercrime, Cyberweapons, Cyber Wars: Is There Too Much of it in the Air?” Communications of the ACM. 56.6 (2013): 28-30.

Articles (Internet)
 
 
 
Note on Documentation.
Documentation systems can be very complex—involving elaborate footnotes at the bottom of each page—or simple. For this course a simple documentation system will suffice.
 
The two main systems of documentation used in American scholarship are the MLA (Modern Language Association) system, used in most humanities areas, and the APA (American Psychological Association) system, used in most social and behavioral sciences. They differ a little in typography. Some of the science areas also have specialized systems. The examples given in this document are inMLA style, although you may choose to useAPA style if you wish. On the important issues of when and where to document, all the systems agree.
 
Here are the rules:
 

Direct (word-for-word) quotations from sources must be placed in quotation marks. If the quotation is very long (three lines or more), start it on a new line, indented from both left and right margins, and single spaced; quotation marks should not be used.

Follow every quotation with a note in parentheses that, for print sources (whether hard copy or electronic copy), gives the last name of the author and the page number. For example: (Smith 142). If there is no author, use a short form of the title of the article, journal, or book.

For sources obtained from a Web page, cite a short form of the author or article, as for print sources. No page number is needed. If you have only a URL, cite a short form with sufficient detail to identify it from your reference list. For example: (osha.gov). The full URL and retrieval date will still be needed in the reference list, as explained below.

A similar note should follow all indirect or paraphrased quotations, even though you do not use quotation marks. Your wording should clearly indicate what material is from the source.

At the end of the paper, a bibliography (list of references or works cited) should list all the sources used in the paper.

The entries of print sources are listed in alphabetical order by author (last name, first name) and include the title of the article (in quotes), the title of the book or journal (in italics), the publisher of the book, and the date of publication.

The entries for Web page sources are listed in alphabetical order by author (last name, first name)—if known—or the title of the Web page—if the author is unknown—followed by an indication of whether the site is a home page, online posting, etc.; name of any institution or organization sponsoring or associated with the Web site; followed by the date when you accessed the site; and ending with the URL of the source in angle brackets. For example:U.S. Department of Labors OSHA Forms Alliance to Reduce Injuries and Illnesses in Maritime Industry.” Region 4 News Release: 09-553-ATL (130). U.S Department of Labor. January 22, 2013. http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=NEWS_RELEASESp_id=17954.

Why is the random error term ? added to a multiple regression model?

Calculate the upper and lower control limits for the x-chart.

In order to compare the means of two populations, independent random samples of 144 observations are selected from each population with the following results.

Sample 1 Sample 2

x1 = 7,123 x2 = 6,957

s1 = 175 s2 = 225

Use a 95% confidence interval to estimate the difference between the population means (?1 ?2). ). Interpret the confidence interval.

3. Why is the random error term ? added to a multiple regression model?

6. In a study of feeding behavior, zoologists recorded the number of grunts of a warthog feeding by a lake in the 15 minute period following the addition of food. The data showing the number of grunts and and the age of the warthog (in days) are listed below:

Number of Grunts Age(days)
 

82 117
 
 
 

60 133
 
 
 

31 147
 
 
 

36 152
 
 
 

55 159
 
 
 

32 166
 
 
 

54 175
 
 
 

9 181
 
 
 

12 187
 
 
 

Find and interpret the value of r2.

8. In order to compare the means of two populations, independent random samples of 225 observations are selected from each population with the following results.

Sample 1 Sample 2

x1 = 478 x2 = 481

s1 = 14.2 s2 = 11.2

Test the null hypothesis H0: (?1 ?2) = 0 against the alternative hypothesis Ha: (?1 ?2) ? 0 using ? = .10. Give the significance level, and interpret the result.

Test the null hypothesis of independence of the two classifications, A and B, of the 3 × 3 contingency table shown below. Test using a = .01.

A B
 

B1 B2 B3
 

A1 19 40 60

A2 55 23 22

A3 31 42 47

A new weight-reducing technique, consisting of a liquid protein diet, is currently undergoing tests by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) before its introduction into the market. The weights of a random sample of five people are recorded before they are introduced to the liquid protein diet. The five individuals are then instructed to follow the liquid protein diet for 3 weeks. At the end of this period, their weights (in pounds) are again recorded. The results are listed in the table. Let ?1 be the true mean weight of individuals before starting the diet and let ?2 be the true mean weight of individuals after 3 weeks on the diet.

Person Weight Before Diet Weight After Diet

1 156 149
 

2 201 196
 

3 194 191
 

4 203 197
 

5 210 206
 

Summary information is as follows: d = 5, sd = 1.58. Test to determine if the diet is effective at reducing weight. Use a = .10.

Bad news memo final draft

Bad News Memo – The Problem and Your Solution 
This assignment is intended to give you some insight into how you would begin to solve a particular issue in your professional field.  This knowledge will be useful to you in job interviews, in considering career options, and in other professional applications.  The work you do on this memo will continue to prepare you for choosing a topic for your final problem/solution proposal, and you’ll be able to start considering the larger picture of your intended profession.
From your Issues Memo, you have researched different problems that currently plague your intended profession. I want you to narrow down your focus for this next assignment and think about how you would handle a specific problem within the workplace.
Task

Identify the problem (please make it something manageable – do not choose a problem that has absolutely no solution or would take the power of Congress to help solve) and consider how you would deliver the message to employees and volunteers of your workplace.
For example, if you are looking into the problem of patient complaints and law suits, due primarily to impersonal nursing staff, in a private hospital, you may want to implement a new policy that bans cell phones and requires a workshop for all nurses and hospital staff during working hours (this scenario is an example and you are not required to adopt it!).
How would you deliver the information via memo about these new policies?
How would you convince the employees and staff and these new policies are important to the success of the workplace?

Audience and Purpose
While the memo will deliver what will probably be regarded as bad news (few people like change, especially if it calls into question the efficiency of employees), it must still be persuasive— part of your audience has the added level of complication that they are volunteers—make them mad, and they may go away.  So the task ask at hand is to announce the policy, yes—but more importantly, persuade the readers to agree and go along with it.
The tone and style of the memo should befit the director of an organization, and reflect his/her persona—many directors or people in charge exude a direct and firm demeanor, not a warm and fuzzy, hand-holding sensitivity. Think about your tone, style, word-choice, vocabulary, and audience as you write and as you revise. The memo should also follow the guidelines outlined in your text, be single-spaced, error-free, and carefully proofed before submission. 

I need help with my project management homework .

Part 3A

After creating the resource pool, copy the screen image of Resource Sheet and paste into the Word document.

After assigning resources, copy the screen image of the data entry screen and paste into the Word document.

After time-constrained scheduling, copy the screen image of Resource Sheet and paste into the Word document. The Resource Sheet should show the resources that over-allocated.

After resource-constrained scheduling, copy the screen image of Resource Sheet and paste into the Word document. The Resource Sheet should show the resources that over-allocated.

Part 3A Notes

Enter resource names from Table A2.12 For “Assembly/Test” enter “Assembly” for consistency with Table A2.11.

Enter one team as 100% and two teams as 200% under Maximum Units.

Table A2.12 (Organization Resources)
Name                                    Group                                                   Cost ($/hr)
Design                                  RD (2 teams)                                   $100
Development                    RD (2 teams)                                   $70
Documentation                                RD (1 team)                                     $60
Assembly                            RD (1 team)                                     $70
Purchasing                          Procurement (1 team)                   $40
 
Complete Part 3, Part A of the Conveyor Belt Project (p. 637). Submit your Microsoft Project file along with the memo to the
 
From the textbook:
Part 3
Remember the old saying, “A project plan is not a schedule until resources are committed.”  This exercise illustrates this subtle, but very important difference.
Part A
Using your files from Part 2 input resources and their costs if you have not already done so.  All information is found in Tables A2.11 and A2.12
 
Answer the following questions:
1.  Which if any of the resources are over-allocated?
2.  Assume that the project is time constrained and try to solve any over-allocation problems by leveling within slack.  What happens?
3.  What is the impact of leveling within slack on the sensitivity of the network?
 
Include a Gantt chart with the schedule table after leveling within slack.
 
4.  Assume the project is resource constrained and resolve any over-allocation problems by leveling outside of slack.  What happens?  What are the managerial implications?
5.  What options are available at this point in time?
 
Include a Gantt chart with the schedule table after leveling outside of slack.
 
Note:  No splitting of activities is allowed
Note:  No partial assignments (i.e. 50 percent).  All resources must be assigned 100 percent.
 
 

The mean drying time of a brand of spray paint is known to be 90

The mean drying time of a brand of spray paint is known to be 90 seconds. The research division of the
company that produces this paint contemplates that adding a new chemical ingredient to the paint will
accelerate the drying process. To investigate this conjecture, the paint with the chemical additive is sprayed
on 15 surfaces and the drying times are recorded. The mean and standard deviation computed from these
measurements are 86 and 4.5 seconds, respectively. Assume the measurements constitute a random sample
from a normal population. Answer the following questions.
 
a) Define µ in the context of this problem.
(b) What is the point estimate for the mean drying time of the spray paint with the new chemical ingredient?
(c) Construct a 98% confidence interval for the mean drying time of the paint with the chemical additive.
Is µ included in this interval?
(d) Do these data provide strong evidence that the mean drying time is reduced by the addition of the new
chemical? Perform the hypothesis testing (at the significance level ? = .02) by answering the questions
arranged in the following.
i. Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses.
ii. State the Type I error and Type II error in the context of the problem and tell why Type I error is
more serious.
iii. State the test statistic and its distribution.
iv. Determine the critical value for ? = .025 and state the decision rule.
v. Calculate the observed value of the test statistic from the data.
vi. State whether H 0 is rejected and tell why.
Readings: Section 10.3.
2. Rural and urban students are to be compared on the basis of their scores on a nationwide musical aptitude
test. Two random sample of sizes 90 and 100 are selected from rural and urban seventh grade students. The
summary statistics from the test scores are

Table

Rural

Urban

Sample Size

90

100

Mean

76.4

81.2

Standard deviation

8.2

7.6

 
Answer the following questions.
(a) Define µ 1 and µ 2 in the context of the problem.
(b) What is the point estimate for µ 1 ? µ2?
(c) Construct a 97% confidence interval for µ 1 ? µ 2 . Is µ included in this interval?
(d) Do these data provide strong evidence that there is a difference in population mean scores between urban
and rural students? Perform the hypothesis testing (at the significance level ? = .01) by answering the
questions arranged in the following.
i. Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses.
ii. State the test statistic and its distribution.
iii. Determine the critical value for ? = .01 and state the decision rule.
iv. Calculate the observed value of the test statistic from the data.
v. State whether H 0 is rejected and tell why.
 
More in quest.pdf file.